Products related to Crystallization:
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Handbook of Continuous Crystallization
Continuous crystallization is an area of intense research, with particular respect to the pharmaceutical industry and fine chemicals.Improvements in continuous crystallization technologies offer chemical industries significant financial gains, through reduced expenditure and operational costs, and consistent product quality. Written by well-known leaders in the field, The Handbook of Continuous Crystallization presents fundamental and applied knowledge, with attention paid to application and scaling up, and the burgeoning area of process intensification.Beginning with concepts around crystallization techniques and control strategies, the reader will learn about experimental methods and computational tools.Case studies spanning fine and bulk chemicals, the pharmaceutical industry, and employing new mathematical tools, put theory into context.
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Crystallization : Basic Concepts and Industrial Applications
Crystallization is a natural occurring process but also a process abundantly used in the industry.Crystallization can occur from a solution, from the melt or via deposition of material from the gas phase (desublimation).Crystals distinguish themself from liquids, gases and amorphous substances by the long-range order of its building blocks that entail the crystals to be formed of well-defined faces, and give rise to a large number of properties of the solid. Crystallization is used at some stage in nearly all process industries as a method of production, purification or recovery of solid materials.Crystallization is practiced on all scales: from the isolation of the first milligrams of a newly synthesized substance in the research laboratory to isolating products on the mulit-million tonne scale in industry.The book describes the breadth of crystallization operations, from isolation from a reaction broth to purification and finally to tailoring product properties. In the first section of the book, the basic mechanisms - nucleation, growth, attrition and agglomeration are introduced.It ensures an understanding of supersaturation, the driving force of crystallization.Furthermore, the solubility of the substance and its dependences on process conditions and the various techniques of crystallization and their possibilities and limitations are discussed.Last but not least, the first part includes an intensive treatment of polymorphism .The second part builds on the basics, exploring how crystallization processes can be developed, either batch-wise or continuous, from solution or from the melt.A discussion of the purification during crystallization serves as a link between the two sections, where practical aspects and an insight using theoretical concepts are combined.Mixing and its influence on the crystallization as well as the mutual interference of down-stream processes with the crystallization are also treated.Finally, techniques to characterize the crop are discussed. The third part of the book is dedicated to accounts of actual developments and of carried-out crystallizations.Typical pitfalls and strategies to avoid these as well as the design of robust processes are presented.
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Industrial Crystallization Process Monitoring and Control
Crystallization is an important technique for separation and purification of substances as well as for product design in chemical, pharmaceutical and biotechnological process industries.This ready reference and handbook draws on research work and industrial practice of a large group of experts in the various areas of industrial crystallization processes, capturing the essence of current trends, the markets, design tools and technologies in this key field.Along the way, it outlines trouble free production, provides laboratory controls, analyses case studies and discusses new challenges. First the instrumentation and techniques used to measure the crystal size distribution, the nucleation and solubility points, and the chemical composition of the solid and liquid phase are outlined.Then the main techniques adopted to control industrial crystallizers, starting from fundamental approaches to the most advanced ones, including the multivariable predictive control are described.An overview of the main crystallizer types is given with details of the main control schemes adopted in industry as well as the more suitable sensors and actuators.
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Polymer Crystallization : Methods, Characterization, and Applications
Polymer Crystallization Control the development of polymer crystals with this groundbreaking introduction Polymer crystallization is a crucial component of polymer development that impacts processing, applications, presentation, and more.Intervention in the polymer crystallization process, in the form of nanofilters, compatibilizers, and more, has the potential to improve optical and chemical properties, improve degrees of crystallinity, and increase the hardness of polymer composites.The myriad applications of crystalline polymers make this one of the most exciting and fast-growing fields in polymer research. Polymer Crystallization provides a comprehensive introduction to this field and its most important recent developments.It characterizes and analysis an expansive range of crystalline polymers and discusses possible mechanisms for influencing their crystallization processes to impact a variety of outcomes and applications.These applications include industries from food packaging to automotive parts to medical and aerospace materials. Polymer Crystallization readers will also find: Detailed treatment of polymer morphology, rheology, modeling, and moreThorough introduction to the fundamentals of polymer crystallizationDiscussion of environmental safety issues and avenues for future research Polymer Crystallization is a useful reference for materials scientists, polymer scientists, biomedical scientists, and advanced undergraduate and graduate students in these and related fields.
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How does crystallization work?
Crystallization is a process in which atoms or molecules arrange themselves in a highly ordered, repeating pattern to form a crystal structure. This process typically occurs when a solution or melt becomes supersaturated, meaning that it contains more solute (the substance being dissolved) than it can hold in a stable solution. As a result, the excess solute begins to come out of solution and form solid crystals. During crystallization, the solute molecules or atoms come together in a specific arrangement dictated by the intermolecular forces between them. These forces cause the solute particles to align in a regular, repeating pattern, creating the characteristic geometric shapes of crystals. The growth of the crystal structure is typically initiated by the formation of a small crystal nucleus, which then grows as more solute particles are added to it. Crystallization can occur through various methods, such as cooling a hot solution, evaporating a solvent from a solution, or allowing a solution to stand undisturbed for a period of time. The conditions under which crystallization takes place, such as temperature, pressure, and the presence of impurities, can influence the size, shape, and purity of the resulting crystals.
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What is a crystallization seed hand warmer?
A crystallization seed hand warmer is a type of reusable hand warmer that uses a crystallization process to generate heat. It contains a small metal disc or button that, when flexed or clicked, triggers the crystallization of a supersaturated solution inside the hand warmer. This process releases heat and provides warmth for a period of time, typically several hours. Once the hand warmer cools down, it can be reactivated by boiling it in water until the crystals dissolve, allowing it to be used again.
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How do you calculate the yield of a crystallization?
To calculate the yield of a crystallization, you would first weigh the initial amount of the compound you are trying to crystallize. Then, after the crystallization process is complete, you would weigh the final amount of the purified crystals. The yield is then calculated by dividing the mass of the purified crystals by the mass of the initial compound, and then multiplying by 100 to get the percentage yield. This gives you the efficiency of the crystallization process in producing the desired crystals.
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What is vaccination and what is a crystallization seed in chemistry?
Vaccination is the process of administering a vaccine to stimulate the immune system to produce immunity to a specific disease, protecting the individual from that disease. This is typically done by introducing a weakened or inactive form of the disease-causing organism into the body, prompting the immune system to create antibodies to fight it off. In chemistry, a crystallization seed is a small crystal introduced into a supersaturated solution to initiate the formation of larger crystals. When a solution becomes supersaturated, meaning it contains more solute than it can hold, it becomes unstable and prone to crystallization. By adding a crystallization seed, the molecules in the solution have a template to align with, promoting the growth of larger, more uniform crystals.
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Crystallization Processes in Fats and Lipid Systems
An exploration of new and emerging techniques, processes and applications in the behaviour, crystallization, and polymorphic transformations of fats and oils.It presents research and information on advanced analytical tools, computer modelling, molecular structures, mixing behaviour, and interactions with seeding materials and surfactants.The contributors spotlight developments in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, highlighting modern discoveries in polymorphic forms, self-assembled structures, and speciality fats and oils, emphasizing health, balanced nutrition, and functionality.
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(Projector)Paper Tree Puzzle Children's Tree Crystallization Christmas Tree Will Paper Growing Tree Tree Toy 1ml One Size
Paper Tree Puzzle Children's Tree Crystallization Christmas Tree Will Paper Growing Tree Tree Toy describe: growing Christmas tree kit grows from a paper tree to a beautiful Christmas tree through physical reaction. It takes 8-24 hours to allow children to experience and learn the experimental course of crystallization reaction. Food grade materials: This Novelty Kit is colorless, odorless and, reaching the food grade standard. But its concentration is high, please avoid touching your eyes and eating. The chassis and paper tree are made of environmentally friendly materials. How to Use: the two-piece cardboard tree. Fix the tree on the Plastic Container provided. Pour the water in to the container. Within a just few hours, colourful crystals begin to appear on the tree branches. Set this up on Christmas eve with kids. You children will simply not believe your eyes when they, wake up on Christmas morning! A Growing Tree!!! illustrate: Material: paper Size: 14*11*3cm Contains: paper + nutrient solution (food grade) Label: Yes
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Gloste Nano Apparel Protection For Apparel & Footwear 200ml
Unique water and dirt repellent without extremely harmful synthetic chemicals. Protects while maintaining fabric breathability. Extends the life of textiles. Creates a long-lasting protective layer. Used for various textile surfaces that need to be protected from water and dirt. These include outdoor clothing, footwear, furniture, gloves, hats etc.Benefits:- No SLS/SLES;- No microplastics;- Safe for nature and people;- Extremely hydrophobic;- PFAS free;- The textile becomes resistant to dirt and water, but remains breathable;- Innovative formula;- Biodegradable;- Long-lasting protection.
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Brenton Brown
"A rich layering of motive and emotion . . . robust dialogue, streetwise humour and muscular, mischievous vernaculour" IndependentSet on the streets of Brixton, south London, BRENTON BROWN is a fatal love story about a man who never got over his first love, a perfect love with his half-sister Juliet that has left him unable to form any real relationships since they both decided it must end. "Wheatle's dialogue sings" GuardianJuliet is consumed by guilt because she knows that her half-brother, Brenton, grew up in children's homes with no family to speak of, while she received all her mother's love.She has a career with good prospects in politics, and has married Clayton, a successful banker, to please her mother.He treats her daughter, Breanna, like his own - but secretly he has always suspected that there has been something going on between Juliet and Brenton. Unable to let go physically or emotionally, Brenton takes the advice of his longstanding friend Floyd, and decides to start a new life in another country.When their good intentions fail, Juliet and Brenton must pay the ultimate price. A story about family ties, forbidden love and life, BRENTON BROWN is shot through with robust humour, unforgettable characters, unerringly pitched dialogue and towering emotion.
Price: 10.99 £ | Shipping*: 3.99 £
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What is menswear?
Menswear refers to clothing and accessories designed specifically for men. This includes a wide range of items such as suits, shirts, pants, jackets, ties, and shoes. Menswear can vary in style, from formal and professional to casual and sporty, and it is often influenced by current fashion trends and cultural norms. The menswear industry is constantly evolving, offering a diverse array of options for men to express their personal style and preferences.
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Could you please tell me your questions about the topic of fashion, clothing, and apparel?
Sure, I'd be happy to help with any questions you have about fashion, clothing, and apparel. Whether you're looking for style advice, information about sustainable fashion, or tips on how to build a versatile wardrobe, I'm here to assist. Feel free to ask about the latest trends, how to dress for different occasions, or anything else related to fashion and clothing.
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Looking for good YouTubers for beauty, fashion, and lifestyle?
If you are looking for good YouTubers for beauty, fashion, and lifestyle content, some popular and highly recommended creators include Zoella, Tanya Burr, and Ingrid Nilsen. These creators consistently produce high-quality videos on makeup tutorials, fashion hauls, and lifestyle tips. Additionally, channels like Jackie Aina, Patricia Bright, and Jenn Im offer diverse perspectives and content within the beauty, fashion, and lifestyle genres.
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What is Western riding apparel?
Western riding apparel refers to the clothing and accessories worn by riders in Western-style horseback riding. This typically includes a cowboy hat, long-sleeved shirt, jeans, cowboy boots, and a belt with a buckle. Western riding apparel is designed to be practical and comfortable for the rider while also reflecting the traditional Western cowboy aesthetic. Additionally, riders may also wear chaps, spurs, and gloves as part of their Western riding attire.
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